The Basque Country is a mountainous territory with clay-rich soils, whose average combined clay and silt content exceeds 65 to 70%.
The soil is generally slightly acidic, with a pH between 6.0 and 6.5, and displays a high organic matter content.
Rainfall is abundant, with an annual average of 1,080 mm, and temperatures are mild, averaging around 12.5°C.
On the Atlantic-facing slope, which encompasses Biscay, Gipuzkoa, northern Álava, and Iparralde, the climate is temperate humid with no dry season, and mean annual precipitation ranges between 1,200 mm and over 2,000 mm.
The middle zone, covering much of Álava/Araba, forms a transitional area with a sub-Atlantic climate intermediate between oceanic and Mediterranean, receiving lower rainfall than the Atlantic-facing slope.
Facts drawn from the specification's terroir-link section by automatic interpretation — see the source.
About this boundary · approximate area
Approximate area — the union of the 146 commune(s) of the delimited area (INAO); no parcel delimitation exists for this denomination.
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